STUDI PENGARUH BEBAN TAK SEIMBANG PADA TRANSFORMATOR DISTRIBUSI GARDU SL.247 DI PT PLN (PERSERO) ULP SUNGGAL

Abstract

The increasing demand for new pairs of electrical energy is often not managed properly so that the installation of 1 phase power is not balanced with the use of 3 phases. This causes an unbalanced load to be borne by the distribution transformer. Very high temperatures in the winding cause damage to the insulation and an increase in temperature causes the insulation value of the transformer oil to decrease, the decrease in the insulation level affects the useful life of the transformer. What percentage is generated due to the load imbalance? The aim is expected to be able to optimize the ability of distribution transformers in distributing electrical energy to consumers. According to SPLN (SK ED PLN No.0017.E/DIR/2014) where the good imbalance between phase currents is <10% and bad ones are ≥25%, also the neutral current TR (% of transformer load current) is good <10% and bad ones are ≥20%. Seen from table 4.4, the average current is calculated which is 86.6 amperes, the percentage of load unbalance is calculated which is 47.3%. The large percentage of load unbalance produces a current of 41 amperes at the transformer neutral. Power loss due to load imbalance on the transformer increases up to 1,840.6 Watts. The amount of power loss produces high heat in the transformer of 1,590,278.4 Joules. So load equalization is carried out to increase the reliability of the transformer and extend the life of the transformer which gets good results by reducing the percentage of load unbalance on the transformer to 2.6%. In this case the load on the distribution transformer is balanced. The neutral current flowing decreased to 3 amperes. The power loss of the distribution transformer at a balanced load is 936.3 Watt. The amount of heat generated at the balanced load decreased to 808,963.2 Joules.