PERAN SISTEM PROTEKSI PETIR PADA SISTEM KELISTRIKAN DI GARDU INDUK 150 KV

Abstract

The 150 kV Substation is a vital element within the electrical power transmission system, serving as a critical link between power generation and the distribution of electricity to consumers. Given its essential role, the continuity of substation operations must be safeguarded against various potential disturbances, one of which is lightning strikes. Lightning can cause equipment damage, operational disruptions, and even large-scale power outages. Therefore, the lightning protection system plays a crucial role in maintaining the reliability and safety of the electrical system within the substation. This study discusses the role of lightning protection systems, covering their working principles, types of protective devices such as lightning arresters, grounding systems, and effective installation strategies. Through technical analysis and evaluation of protection standards, it is found that the proper implementation of lightning protection systems can reduce equipment damage risk by more than 70% and enhance the continuity of power supply services. Furthermore, factors such as ground resistance, lightning strike density, and arrester placement are identified as key parameters in designing an optimal protection system. This study emphasizes that improving the quality of lightning protection systems must be accompanied by regular maintenance and comprehensive performance evaluations to ensure sustained effectiveness. Consequently, substations can operate more reliably and safely, thereby supporting the stability of the national electrical grid.